me, stripping out unsafe characters.
*
* Removes tags, percent-encoded characters, HTML entities, and if strict is enabled,
* will only keep alphanumeric, _, space, ., -, @. After sanitizing, it passes the username,
* raw username (the username in the parameter), and the value of $strict as parameters
* for the {@see 'sanitize_user'} filter.
*
* @since 2.0.0
*
* @param string $username The username to be sanitized.
* @param bool $strict Optional. If set to true, limits $username to specific characters.
* Default false.
* @return string The sanitized username, after passing through filters.
*/
function sanitize_user( $username, $strict = false ) {
$raw_username = $username;
$username = wp_strip_all_tags( $username );
$username = remove_accents( $username );
// Remove percent-encoded characters.
$username = preg_replace( '|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '', $username );
// Remove HTML entities.
$username = preg_replace( '/&.+?;/', '', $username );
// If strict, reduce to ASCII for max portability.
if ( $strict ) {
$username = preg_replace( '|[^a-z0-9 _.\-@]|i', '', $username );
}
$username = trim( $username );
// Consolidate contiguous whitespace.
$username = preg_replace( '|\s+|', ' ', $username );
/**
* Filters a sanitized username string.
*
* @since 2.0.1
*
* @param string $username Sanitized username.
* @param string $raw_username The username prior to sanitization.
* @param bool $strict Whether to limit the sanitization to specific characters.
*/
return apply_filters( 'sanitize_user', $username, $raw_username, $strict );
}
/**
* Sanitizes a string key.
*
* Keys are used as internal identifiers. Lowercase alphanumeric characters,
* dashes, and underscores are allowed.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param string $key String key.
* @return string Sanitized key.
*/
function sanitize_key( $key ) {
$sanitized_key = '';
if ( is_scalar( $key ) ) {
$sanitized_key = strtolower( $key );
$sanitized_key = preg_replace( '/[^a-z0-9_\-]/', '', $sanitized_key );
}
/**
* Filters a sanitized key string.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*
* @param string $sanitized_key Sanitized key.
* @param string $key The key prior to sanitization.
*/
return apply_filters( 'sanitize_key', $sanitized_key, $key );
}
/**
* Sanitizes a string into a slug, which can be used in URLs or HTML attributes.
*
* By default, converts accent characters to ASCII characters and further
* limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-)
* through the {@see 'sanitize_title'} filter.
*
* If `$title` is empty and `$fallback_title` is set, the latter will be used.
*
* @since 1.0.0
*
* @param string $title The string to be sanitized.
* @param string $fallback_title Optional. A title to use if $title is empty. Default empty.
* @param string $context Optional. The operation for which the string is sanitized.
* When set to 'save', the string runs through remove_accents().
* Default 'save'.
* @return string The sanitized string.
*/
function sanitize_title( $title, $fallback_title = '', $context = 'save' ) {
$raw_title = $title;
if ( 'save' === $context ) {
$title = remove_accents( $title );
}
/**
* Filters a sanitized title string.
*
* @since 1.2.0
*
* @param string $title Sanitized title.
* @param string $raw_title The title prior to sanitization.
* @param string $context The context for which the title is being sanitized.
*/
$title = apply_filters( 'sanitize_title', $title, $raw_title, $context );
if ( '' === $title || false === $title ) {
$title = $fallback_title;
}
return $title;
}
/**
* Sanitizes a title with the 'query' context.
*
* Used for querying the database for a value from URL.
*
* @since 3.1.0
*
* @param string $title The string to be sanitized.
* @return string The sanitized string.
*/
function sanitize_title_for_query( $title ) {
return sanitize_title( $title, '', 'query' );
}
/**
* Sanitizes a title, replacing whitespace and a few other characters with dashes.
*
* Limits the output to alphanumeric characters, underscore (_) and dash (-).
* Whitespace becomes a dash.
*
* @since 1.2.0
*
* @param string $title The title to be sanitized.
* @param string $raw_title Optional. Not used. Default empty.
* @param string $context Optional. The operation for which the string is sanitized.
* When set to 'save', additional entities are converted to hyphens
* or stripped entirely. Default 'display'.
* @return string The sanitized title.
*/
function sanitize_title_with_dashes( $title, $raw_title = '', $context = 'display' ) {
$title = strip_tags( $title );
// Preserve escaped octets.
$title = preg_replace( '|%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])|', '---$1---', $title );
// Remove percent signs that are not part of an octet.
$title = str_replace( '%', '', $title );
// Restore octets.
$title = preg_replace( '|---([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])---|', '%$1', $title );
if ( seems_utf8( $title ) ) {
if ( function_exists( 'mb_strtolower' ) ) {
$title = mb_strtolower( $title, 'UTF-8' );
}
$title = utf8_uri_encode( $title, 200 );
}
$title = strtolower( $title );
if ( 'save' === $context ) {
// Convert , &ndash, and &mdash to hyphens.
$title = str_replace( array( '%c2%a0', '%e2%80%93', '%e2%80%94' ), '-', $title );
// Convert , &ndash, and &mdash HTML entities to hyphens.
$title = str_replace( array( ' ', ' ', '–', '–', '—', '—' ), '-', $title );
// Convert forward slash to hyphen.
$title = str_replace( '/', '-', $title );
// Strip these characters entirely.
$title = str_replace(
array(
// Soft hyphens.
'%c2%ad',
// ¡ and ¿.
'%c2%a1',
'%c2%bf',
// Angle quotes.
'%c2%ab',
'%c2%bb',
'%e2%80%b9',
'%e2%80%ba',
// Curly quotes.
'%e2%80%98',
'%e2%80%99',
'%e2%80%9c',
'%e2%80%9d',
'%e2%80%9a',
'%e2%80%9b',
'%e2%80%9e',
'%e2%80%9f',
// Bullet.
'%e2%80%a2',
// ©, ®, °, &hellip, and &trade.
'%c2%a9',
'%c2%ae',
'%c2%b0',
'%e2%80%a6',
'%e2%84%a2',
// Acute accents.
'%c2%b4',
'%cb%8a',
'%cc%81',
'%cd%81',
// Grave accent, macron, caron.
'%cc%80',
'%cc%84',
'%cc%8c',
// Non-visible characters that display without a width.
'%e2%80%8b', // Zero width space.
'%e2%80%8c', // Zero width non-joiner.
'%e2%80%8d', // Zero width joiner.
'%e2%80%8e', // Left-to-right mark.
'%e2%80%8f', // Right-to-left mark.
'%e2%80%aa', // Left-to-right embedding.
'%e2%80%ab', // Right-to-left embedding.
'%e2%80%ac', // Pop directional formatting.
'%e2%80%ad', // Left-to-right override.
'%e2%80%ae', // Right-to-left override.
'%ef%bb%bf', // Byte order mark.
'%ef%bf%bc', // Object replacement character.
),
'',
$title
);
// Convert non-visible characters that display with a width to hyphen.
$title = str_replace(
array(
'%e2%80%80', // En quad.
'%e2%80%81', // Em quad.
'%e2%80%82', // En space.
'%e2%80%83', // Em space.
'%e2%80%84', // Three-per-em space.
'%e2%80%85', // Four-per-em space.
'%e2%80%86', // Six-per-em space.
'%e2%80%87', // Figure space.
'%e2%80%88', // Punctuation space.
'%e2%80%89', // Thin space.
'%e2%80%8a', // Hair space.
'%e2%80%a8', // Line separator.
'%e2%80%a9', // Paragraph separator.
'%e2%80%af', // Narrow no-break space.
),
'-',
$title
);
// Convert × to 'x'.
$title = str_replace( '%c3%97', 'x', $title );
}
// Remove HTML entities.
$title = preg_replace( '/&.+?;/', '', $title );
$title = str_replace( '.', '-', $title );
$title = preg_replace( '/[^%a-z0-9 _-]/', '', $title );
$title = preg_replace( '/\s+/', '-', $title );
$title = preg_replace( '|-+|', '-', $title );
$title = trim( $title, '-' );
return $title;
}
/**
* Ensures a string is a valid SQL 'order by' clause.
*
* Accepts one or more columns, with or without a sort order (ASC / DESC).
* e.g. 'column_1', 'column_1, column_2', 'column_1 ASC, column_2 DESC' etc.
*
* Also accepts 'RAND()'.
*
* @since 2.5.1
*
* @param string $orderby Order by clause to be validated.
* @return string|false Returns $orderby if valid, false otherwise.
*/
function sanitize_sql_orderby( $orderby ) {
if ( preg_match( '/^\s*(([a-z0-9_]+|`[a-z0-9_]+`)(\s+(ASC|DESC))?\s*(,\s*(?=[a-z0-9_`])|$))+$/i', $orderby ) || preg_match( '/^\s*RAND\(\s*\)\s*$/i', $orderby ) ) {
return $orderby;
}
return false;
}
/**
* Sanitizes an HTML classname to ensure it only contains valid characters.
*
* Strips the string down to A-Z,a-z,0-9,_,-. If this results in an empty
* string then it will return the alternative value supplied.
*
* @todo Expand to support the full range of CDATA that a class attribute can contain.
*
* @since 2.8.0
*
* @param string $classname The classname to be sanitized.
* @param string $fallback Optional. The value to return if the sanitization ends up as an empty string.
* Default empty string.
* @return string The sanitized value.
*/
function sanitize_html_class( $classname, $fallback = '' ) {
// Strip out any percent-encoded characters.
$sanitized = preg_replace( '|%[a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9]|', '', $classname );
// Limit to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '-'.
$sanitized = preg_replace( '/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/', '', $sanitized );
if ( '' === $sanitized && $fallback ) {
return sanitize_html_class( $fallback );
}
/**
* Filters a sanitized HTML class string.
*
* @since 2.8.0
*
* @param string $sanitized The sanitized HTML class.
* @param string $classname HTML class before sanitization.
* @param string $fallback The fallback string.
*/
return apply_filters( 'sanitize_html_class', $sanitized, $classname, $fallback );
}
/**
* Strips out all characters not allowed in a locale name.
*
* @since 6.2.1
*
* @param string $locale_name The locale name to be sanitized.
* @return string The sanitized value.
*/
function sanitize_locale_name( $locale_name ) {
// Limit to A-Z, a-z, 0-9, '_', '-'.
$sanitized = preg_replace( '/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/', '', $locale_name );
/**
* Filters a sanitized locale name string.
*
* @since 6.2.1
*
* @param string $sanitized The sanitized locale name.
* @param string $locale_name The locale name before sanitization.
*/
return apply_filters( 'sanitize_locale_name', $sanitized, $locale_name );
}
/**
* Converts lone & characters into `&` (a.k.a. `&`)
*
* @since 0.71
*
* @param string $content String of characters to be converted.
* @param string $deprecated Not used.
* @return string Converted string.
*/
function convert_chars( $content, $deprecated = '' ) {
if ( ! empty( $deprecated ) ) {
_deprecated_argument( __FUNCTION__, '0.71' );
}
if ( str_contains( $content, '&' ) ) {
$content = preg_replace( '/&([^#])(?![a-z1-4]{1,8};)/i', '&$1', $content );
}
return $content;
}
/**
* Converts invalid Unicode references range to valid range.
*
* @since 4.3.0
*
* @param string $content String with entities that need converting.
* @return string Converted string.
*/
function convert_invalid_entities( $content ) {
$wp_htmltranswinuni = array(
'€' => '€', // The Euro sign.
'' => '',
'‚' => '‚', // These are Windows CP1252 specific characters.
'ƒ' => 'ƒ', // They would look weird on non-Windows browsers.
'„' => '„',
'…' => '…',
'†' => '†',
'‡' => '‡',
'ˆ' => 'ˆ',
'‰' => '‰',
'Š' => 'Š',
'‹' => '‹',
'Œ' => 'Œ',
'' => '',
'Ž' => 'Ž',
'' => '',
'' => '',
'‘' => '‘',
'’' => '’',
'“' => '“',
'”' => '”',
'•' => '•',
'–' => '–',
'—' => '—',
'˜' => '˜',
'™' => '™',
'š' => 'š',
'›' => '›',
'œ' => 'œ',
'' => '',
'ž' => 'ž',
'Ÿ' => 'Ÿ',
);
if ( str_contains( $content, '' ) ) {
$content = strtr( $content, $wp_htmltranswinuni );
}
return $content;
}
/**
* Balances tags if forced to, or if the 'use_balanceTags' option is set to true.
*
* @since 0.71
*
* @param string $text Text to be balanced
* @param bool $force If true, forces balancing, ignoring the value of the option. Default false.
* @return string Balanced text
*/
function balanceTags( $text, $force = false ) { // phpcs:ignore WordPress.NamingConventions.ValidFunctionName.FunctionNameInvalid
if ( $force || (int) get_option( 'use_balanceTags' ) === 1 ) {
return force_balance_tags( $text );
} else {
return $text;
}
}
/**
* Balances tags of string using a modified stack.
*
* @since 2.0.4
* @since 5.3.0 Improve accuracy and add support for custom element tags.
*
* @author Leonard Lin
* @license GPL
* @copyright November 4, 2001
* @version 1.1
* @todo Make better - change loop condition to $text in 1.2
* @internal Modified by Scott Reilly (coffee2code) 02 Aug 2004
* 1.1 Fixed handling of append/stack pop order of end text
* Added Cleaning Hooks
* 1.0 First Version
*
* @param string $text Text to be balanced.
* @return string Balanced text.
*/
function force_balance_tags( $text ) {
$tagstack = array();
$stacksize = 0;
$tagqueue = '';
$newtext = '';
// Known single-entity/self-closing tags.
$single_tags = array( 'area', 'base', 'basefont', 'br', 'col', 'command', 'embed', 'frame', 'hr', 'img', 'input', 'isindex', 'link', 'meta', 'param', 'source', 'track', 'wbr' );
// Tags that can be immediately nested within themselves.
$nestable_tags = array( 'article', 'aside', 'blockquote', 'details', 'div', 'figure', 'object', 'q', 'section', 'span' );
// WP bug fix for comments - in case you REALLY meant to type '< !--'.
$text = str_replace( '< !--', '< !--', $text );
// WP bug fix for LOVE <3 (and other situations with '<' before a number).
$text = preg_replace( '#<([0-9]{1})#', '<$1', $text );
/**
* Matches supported tags.
*
* To get the pattern as a string without the comments paste into a PHP
* REPL like `php -a`.
*
* @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#elements-2
* @see https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/custom-elements.html#valid-custom-element-name
*
* @example
* ~# php -a
* php > $s = [paste copied contents of expression below including parentheses];
* php > echo $s;
*/
$tag_pattern = (
'#<' . // Start with an opening bracket.
'(/?)' . // Group 1 - If it's a closing tag it'll have a leading slash.
'(' . // Group 2 - Tag name.
// Custom element tags have more lenient rules than HTML tag names.
'(?:[a-z](?:[a-z0-9._]*)-(?:[a-z0-9._-]+)+)' .
'|' .
// Traditional tag rules approximate HTML tag names.
'(?:[\w:]+)' .
')' .
'(?:' .
// We either immediately close the tag with its '>' and have nothing here.
'\s*' .
'(/?)' . // Group 3 - "attributes" for empty tag.
'|' .
// Or we must start with space characters to separate the tag name from the attributes (or whitespace).
'(\s+)' . // Group 4 - Pre-attribute whitespace.
'([^>]*)' . // Group 5 - Attributes.
')' .
'>#' // End with a closing bracket.
);
while ( preg_match( $tag_pattern, $text, $regex ) ) {
$full_match = $regex[0];
$has_leading_slash = ! empty( $regex[1] );
$tag_name = $regex[2];
$tag = strtolower( $tag_name );
$is_single_tag = in_array( $tag, $single_tags, true );
$pre_attribute_ws = isset( $regex[4] ) ? $regex[4] : '';
$attributes = trim( isset( $regex[5] ) ? $regex[5] : $regex[3] );
$has_self_closer = str_ends_with( $attributes, '/' );
$newtext .= $tagqueue;
$i = strpos( $text, $full_match );
$l = strlen( $full_match );
// Clear the shifter.
$tagqueue = '';
if ( $has_leading_slash ) { // End tag.
// If too many closing tags.
if ( $stacksize <= 0 ) {
$tag = '';
// Or close to be safe $tag = '/' . $tag.
// If stacktop value = tag close value, then pop.
} elseif ( $tagstack[ $stacksize - 1 ] === $tag ) { // Found closing tag.
$tag = ''; // Close tag.
array_pop( $tagstack );
--$stacksize;
} else { // Closing tag not at top, search for it.
for ( $j = $stacksize - 1; $j >= 0; $j-- ) {
if ( $tagstack[ $j ] === $tag ) {
// Add tag to tagqueue.
for ( $k = $stacksize - 1; $k >= $j; $k-- ) {
$tagqueue .= '';
--$stacksize;
}
break;
}
}
$tag = '';
}
} else { // Begin tag.
if ( $has_self_closer ) {
/*
* If it presents itself as a self-closing tag, but it isn't a known single-entity self-closing tag,
* then don't let it be treated as such and immediately close it with a closing tag.
* The tag will encapsulate no text as a result.
*/
if ( ! $is_single_tag ) {
$attributes = trim( substr( $attributes, 0, -1 ) ) . "> 0 && ! in_array( $tag, $nestable_tags, true ) && $tagstack[ $stacksize - 1 ] === $tag ) {
$tagqueue = '';
--$stacksize;
}
$stacksize = array_push( $tagstack, $tag );
}
// Attributes.
if ( $has_self_closer && $is_single_tag ) {
// We need some space - avoid
and prefer
.
$pre_attribute_ws = ' ';
}
$tag = '<' . $tag . $pre_attribute_ws . $attributes . '>';
// If already queuing a close tag, then put this tag on too.
if ( ! empty( $tagqueue ) ) {
$tagqueue .= $tag;
$tag = '';
}
}
$newtext .= substr( $text, 0, $i ) . $tag;
$text = substr( $text, $i + $l );
}
// Clear tag queue.
$newtext .= $tagqueue;
// Add remaining text.
$newtext .= $text;
while ( $x = array_pop( $tagstack ) ) {
$newtext .= ''; // Add remaining tags to close.
}
// WP fix for the bug with HTML comments.
$newtext = str_replace( '< !--', '